A new client arrives to meet Holmes and, after trying to hide his identity for about two seconds, comes clean: he is Wilhelm Gottsreich Sigismond von Ormstein, Grand Duke of Cassel-Felstein and hereditary King of Bohemia (whoa, that’s a lot of letters for one name! Bohemia, by the way, is now part of the modern-day Czech Republic). His problem is that he’s about to marry the daughter of the King of Scandinavia. The thing is, though, she’s from a family with very strict morals, and she wouldn’t be pleased to know that he had a serious affair with another woman before their engagement.
This woman is Irene Adler – who lives on in Holmes’s memory as the woman. She’s a singer who met the King in Warsaw, where they subsequently had a bit of a fling. Unfortunately, the King allowed himself to be photographed with Adler, and she has the picture. The King wants Holmes to recover the incriminating photo. Holmes agrees.